This book focuses on human anatomy and medicine and specifically on both muscular and skeletal birth defects in humans with trisomy. Moreover, this book also deals with Down syndrome, which is one of the most studied human syndromes and, due to its high incidence and the fact that individuals with this syndrome often live until adulthood, is of special interest to the scientific and medical community.

This new line of inquiry is addressed to a wide audience, including medical researchers, physicians, surgeons, medical and dental students, pathologists, and pediatricians, among others, while also being of interest to developmental and evolutionary biologists, anatomists, functional morphologists, and zoologists.

The first of its kind, this groundbreaking book utilizes data previously obtained to research the evolution of primates and applies it to humans. Completely unique in perspective, it analyzes the anatomy of the human body and its variations and defects and explores both their medical implications and their applications in an evolutionary-developmental (evo-devo) context. It specifically addresses both muscular and skeletal birth defects in human trisomy, and contains a detailed discussion of Down syndrome, one of the most studied human syndromes.