In advanced topics of quantum mechanics, some of these behaviours are macroscopic and only emerge at extreme (i.e., very low or very high) energies or temperatures. The name quantum mechanics derives from the observation that some physical quantities can change only in discrete amounts (Latin quanta), and not in a continuous (cf. analog) way. For example, the angular momentum of an electron bound to an atom or molecule is quantized. In the context of quantum mechanics, the wave-particle duality of energy and matter and the uncertainty principle provide a unified view of the behaviour of photons, electrons, and other atomic-scale objects. The mathematical formulations of quantum mechanics are abstract. This book analyses various aspects of this subject. The book will be highly useful to students and teachers.
