This book covers different topics related to advanced operational researches, including optimization and linear programming, graph-based techniques and route planning, operations research in logistics problems, and methods for resource allocation.Section 1 focuses on optimization and linear programming, describing a new approach for solving linear fractional programming problems with duality concept, a particle swarm optimization algorithm for solving pricing and lead time quotation in a dual-channel supply chain with multiple customer classes, inverting the multiple-assisting tool network problem to solve for optimality, a dynamic active-set method for linear programming, and the sliding gradient algorithm for linear programming.Section 2 focuses on graph-based techniques and route planning, describing route optimization of electric vehicle considering soft time windows and two ways of power replenishment, the route planning on campus bus in a University, integrating origin-destination survey and stochastic user equilibrium as a case study for route relocation, and research of UAV flight planning parameters.Section 3 focuses on operations research in logistics problems, describing optimization of urban rail transportation in emerging countries using operational research techniques, a review on strategic, tactical and operational decision planning in reverse logistics of green supply chain network design, research on agri-food cold chain logistics management system, a use case of sea-port operational efficiency by an evaluation of five Asian ports using stochastic frontier production function model, and the design of urban traffic in Ferizaj through operational research.Section 4 focuses on methods for resource allocation, describing application of the two non-zero component lemma in resource allocation, energy efficient non-cooperative methods for resource allocation in cognitive radio networks, an alternative interpretation of mixed strategies in n-person normal form games via resource allocation, and a dynamic optimization technique for resource allocation problems in a production company.