In his History of the Orient, Gaston Maspero presents an encyclopedic work that evokes the fragrance of the great civilizations that flourished on the banks of the Nile, the Tigris, the Euphrates, and the shores of the Mediterranean. From Pharaonic Egypt to Babylon and Assyria, from prosperous Phoenicia to ancient Persia, the author paints a panoramic picture of the greatness of the ancient Orient, highlighting the origins of these civilizations and their characteristics, including religions, beliefs, industries, arts, and urban development. In a style that combines scientific precision with engaging narrative, the book presents the pillars of life that shaped the identity of these nations and offers a description of the natural environment that was the scene of their emergence. It is a book that encapsulates a flourishing history that reflects the genius of the Eastern people and presents the reader with a comprehensive cultural canvas that invites him to delve into the depths of the ancient Orient with all its beauties and treasures.